"The theory proposed by Dr. Verghese and his
fellow researchers is that social dance is an activity that activates
and takes advantage of our brains'
neuroplasticity. That is,
according to Dr. Joseph Coyle, a commentator on the study, "The cerebral
cortex and hippocampus, which are critical to these activities [greater
cognitive reserve and increased complexity of neuronal synapses], are
remarkably plastic, and they rewire themselves based upon their use."
When
the aging process causes our brain cells to begin to die off, our
memory of nouns (like the names of people we know and love) often go
first, because there is only one
neural pathway connected to
that bit of stored information. If that neural connection is lost, so is
access to the piece of information it pointed to. It's like taking the
same well-worn path through a forest, and one day not being able to find
the entrance to that path. In patients suffering from dementia, even if
they can physically
see their destination, they sometimes
can't figure out how to get there, because they've forgotten how to find
the path they were accustomed to take.
The key to avoiding this, in the researchers' opinion, is to continually forge
new neural pathways. And the way to do this is to constantly challenge the mind and force it to make
split-second, rapid-fire decisions.
Each of these decisions has the effect of creating greater cognitive
reserve and a more complex network of neuronal synapses. In short, the
more pathways your brain has to the information stored in it, the more
accessible that information becomes, and the less likely you are to
forget it.
But again, why dancing?
Dance,
especially ballroom dance and other forms that involve cooperation
between two partners – one leading and the other following, or both
following not just preset steps but having the ability to improvise –
causes the very rapid-fire decision-making that forges new neural
pathways. The researchers emphasize that not all forms of dancing will
accomplish this; for example, types of dance that rely on retracing the
same memorized steps will form no new connections in the brain.
Improvements to cognitive function occur when we learn something
new,
something we haven't done before. The dancers in the recent study who
showed the most resistance to dementia practiced what is referred to as
freestyle social dancing – foxtrot, waltz, swing, tango, and Latin
dance.
In the 21-year study, seniors who danced regularly showed
more resistance to dementia than those who only danced occasionally;
just as with doing crossword puzzles, more is better. Those who "changed
partners" more often benefitted more than those who stuck with the same
dance partner, possibly because they had to adjust to the new partner
and make more split-second decisions to adapt to their different style.
Interestingly
enough, women may benefit slightly more than men from social dancing,
because they follow their male partner's lead, and thus are constantly
having to make rapid-fire decisions. But this piece of information can
help the men, too. By becoming more attentive to your partner's style
and constantly adjusting your own to insure their comfort and continuity
of motion, you can become not only a better dancer, but improve your
brain's cognitive abilities as well. Juliette Siegfried
http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/16525/1/The-Best-Means-of-Avoiding-Alzheimers-Is-Dance.html
Based on New England Journal of Medicine journal, June 19, 2003